RTM leaseholders should know how to identify unsafe facades and ensure compliance with the latest UK fire safety regulations.
The Grenfell Tower disaster in 2017 was a turning point concerning fire safety in high-rise buildings. In response, the UK Government introduced stringent regulations to ensure that such a tragedy would never happen again.
If you’re a property owner or Right to Manage (RTM) leaseholder, it’s important to understand whether the external walls are safe and whether further action is required. This article outlines how you can spot unsafe cladding and what steps to take next.
What buildings are most at risk?
Residential buildings within the UK have essentially been split into three main categories:
- Higher Risk Buildings. These are broadly defined as buildings at least 18 metres or 7 storeys in height with at least 2 residential units. These are the highest risk category of buildings and the most stringent regulations apply with a ban on combustible materials in the external wall buildup as per Building Regulation 7(2).
- 11-18 metres. Whilst these buildings are typically considered lower risk they have not traditionally been subject to any restrictions for the use of combustible materials in the external wall. This can result in an unacceptable risk of fire spread across the external wall.
- The rest. Below 11 metres the impact of a fire spreading across the external wall is reduced and these buildings are generally considered lower risk with remediation unlikely to be required.
Within your Fire Risk Assessment the assessor will advise whether they consider a FRAEW (Fire Risk Assessment External Wall) is required. Their advice should be followed and a FRAEW (also known as a PAS9980 assessment) conducted if there are concerns about the safety of the external walls.
What cladding types are unsafe?
This is a very complicated subject as we have often found that while the outside facing material is non-combustible the buildup behind can contain significant quantities of combustible material and a lack of cavity barriers to prevent fire spread.
We have prepared a specific article which looks at the 6 main types of external walls found on buildings in the UK and the potential issues that can be found with each.
How do I confirm if I have unsafe cladding?
The external wall should be considered in the Fire Risk Assessment for your building, with the assessor advising whether a specific Fire Risk Assessment External Wall (FRAEW) is required to review the external wall in more detail.
If you have concerns or believe your building may have unsafe cladding then you should engage a suitably competent person to carry out this FRAEW assessment. The FRAEW is also commonly known as a PAS9980 assessment. PAS9980 sets out a consistent methodology to assess external walls, ensuring a holistic and proportionate approach that considers the context, materials and configuration amongst other factors.
The FRAEW or PAS9980 assessment also forms the basis of the EWS1 form which is required to demonstrate to lenders if remediation works are required to the external wall or not.
Who should I engage with to produce a FRAEW?
There are numerous consultants that produce FRAEWs. When selecting the best consultant to use there are a number of key points to consider:
- Competency
To produce a FRAEW, individuals must have relevant fire safety qualifications, along with knowledge of UK Building Regulations and recent updates. They must also be familiar with various cladding systems and external wall materials, as well as fire testing standards. Practical experience in identifying fire risks related to these materials is essential.
You should ask consultants to submit a competency statement covering these areas and that is specific to the individuals who will be working on your building. Consider contacting the IFE (Institute of Fire Engineers) or other relevant bodies to validate competency.
- Proposed Approach
Ask consultants to explain in detail the process they will go through to produce the FRAEW. Look for consultants that ask detailed questions about the record information available and that request thorough intrusive surveys to verify buildups.
- Previous Reports
Ask for examples of previous reports produced on similar buildings. Look for detailed reports that follow a consistent methodology for each area and that conclude with clear detailed recommendations as to whether remediation measures are required or not.
It can be very tempting to go ahead with the lowest quotation or quickest process, however please consider that this is a crucial step in the process. The FRAEW is a crucial document that identifies life safety considerations with your building, and if remedial works are required becomes the backbone for everything that follows.
If remediation is required the FRAEW will set the scope of works, will be the basis of any funding applications, will be leaned on heavily by the building regulations submission and ultimately may need to be updated and signed off at the end of works by another fire engineer who may disagree with recommendations and request additional scope. A low quality FRAEW results in delays and questions at every stage in the process and could leave you with an unsafe building.
Make sure your FRAEW is robust.
What will the FRAEW process include?
Once you have engaged a consultant the process will typically commence with a detailed review of any record information that is available for the building. This may be held in paper copy in the building itself, or electronically. Detailed searches online, including contacting the original architect, contractor and structural engineer can all help in this step.
Following this intrusive surveys are often required to validate that the solutions shown on the record information are what has actually been built. Depending on the size/scale of your building these surveys will typically take 2-3 days on site and disruption to residents is usually minimal.
The report will then be produced, working through each area of the external wall and assessing it in accordance with the methodology set out in PAS9980.
Throughout the process it is crucial to check that your chosen consultant is considering all areas of the building, the full wall buildup in each location and any attachments to the façade.
Once completed the FRAEW should contain detailed recommendations confirming either that each section of the external wall does not require remediation, or setting out a detailed description of the works required to achieve a safe wall buildup.
Taking the Next Step
If you’re concerned that your building may have unsafe cladding, don’t delay in seeking professional advice. Envoy Projects are experts in remediation, offering a comprehensive service to assess, remove and replace non-compliant materials with safe, certified alternatives. With many years of experience in the construction industry, we can guide you through the process from start to finish, ensuring your building meets the latest fire safety standards.
For more information or to book a consultation, contact Envoy Projects today.